Deciding whether to become a whistleblower or informer can be stressful, especially when considering the risks involved. Whistleblowers are typically employees who report illegal, fraudulent, or unethical behavior within an organisation. Informers, more broadly, report criminal activities to authorities and may include whistleblowers.
Duty to Report
Under Singapore law, individuals are legally obligated to report certain serious offences, such as arson, robbery, forgery, and crimes against the State (e.g., attempts to harm the President or wage war against the Government). Failing to do so may result in penalties, including imprisonment. Reports can be submitted anonymously, such as through the iWitness portal.
Risks Involved
Whistleblowers and informers face potential repercussions, such as job loss, damage to reputation, or even personal threats, especially if their identity is exposed. These risks can discourage individuals from coming forward.
Legal Protections
While Singapore does not have overarching whistleblower protection laws, specific statutes like the Prevention of Corruption Act, Misuse of Drugs Act, and Betting Act provide safeguards. These laws protect an informer’s identity during legal proceedings unless the report is proven false.
Organisational Policies
Many government agencies and private companies have internal whistleblowing policies. These typically include secure and confidential reporting channels and allow for anonymous submissions. However, anonymity may limit the effectiveness of investigations due to difficulties in verifying information.
Rewards
Whistleblowers generally do not receive rewards, with one exception: if someone reports tax evasion to IRAS and it leads to recovery, they may be eligible for up to 15% of the recovered tax (capped at $100,000), subject to IRAS discretion.